Improvement in making steel rollers



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UNITED STATES PATENT rricn.

HENRY VVATERMAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEWV YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN MAKING STEEL ROLLERS.

Specification forming part of aetters Patent No. 21,039, dated July 27, 1858.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY WATERMAN, of the city of `Brooklyn, (late Williamsburg,) county of Kings, and State of New York, haveinvented a new and useful Method of Making and Hardening Steel Rolls for En- Fig. 2 is a Fiv. 3 is a view of one three, or more pieces,so as to permit the jour-` nals to be hardened and reduced to any required temper Without danger of cracking or warping, and the outer rim or surface to be hardened and shrunk on at the time of hardenin g without subjecting the other portions of the rolls to the heating process, thus preserving the true form and surface of the rollers. The common method of making steel rolls is of a single bar of steel, the endsturned down to form the journals, and When subjected to the required heat for hardening the result is they are extremely liable to warp, and not unfrequently to crack in the: journals or burst on the larger portion of the outer surface, and'are thereby entirely lost, and in case they only Warp or spring in hardening the only manner in which they can be made true to their journals is by the slow process of grindmg.

Another method is to form a cylinder of steel turned true internally and externally and hardened in the usual manner, and the bar which forms the journals or arbors is fitted and driven into the hardened cylinder. This methodis very uncertain as to its fitting the entire surface sufliciently close to be relable under the great pressure that rolls are subjected to.

My method difiiers material] y from either of the above, and by it the most perfect and :reliable hardened-steel rolls. can be made for one-fourth the cost of ordinary ones.

In order to enable others skilled in the arts to make and harden my improved rolls, I will describe the mode in detail.

The shaft A, which forms the journals t) run on, is made of the best cast-steel, is turned to the required dimensions and tempered, if desired, ontowhich is carefully fitted a castor wrought iron cylinder B, of suitable dimensions, made very firm by shrinking` it onto the shaft A, which is then turned off true. I then form a cylinder O of cast-steel of about half an inch in thickness of the required Width, which is fitted acourate and very close to the iron cylinder B. The external surface of the roll is then turned of as true as possible on the journals, and then after marking the two, so as to replace the steel cylinder O exactly in the position Where it Was Iitted on the iron cylinderv B, I

remove it and subject it to the required heat for hardening. When at the right heat, I replace it as quickly possible on the iron cylinder B and plunge the whole into the hardening-bath. The steel cylinder on cooling and hardening` will contract to fit the iron perfectly, and will be found to be as true and solid as if it were all of one piece.

Another important feature in m'y invention is that should the surfaces become worn or damaged in any way the steel cylinderC may be removed by heating it till it sufficiently eXpands to come off. It can then be annealed, refaced, andhardened again, as above described, thereby saving the rolls, making them as good as new.

WhatI clairn as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

My improved compound rollers, consisting of the steel shaft A, the iron. cylinder B, and the steel cylinder C, forming the surface, when fitted together and hardened in the manner specified.

. HENRY WATERMAN.

Wtnesses:

J. G. MORGAN, F. M. WILsoN. 

